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數(shù)控技術(shù)起源于航空工業(yè)的需要，20世紀(jì)40年代后期，美國一家直升機公司提出了。
數(shù)控機床的初始設(shè)想，1952年美國麻省理工學(xué)院研制出三坐標(biāo)數(shù)控銑床。50年代中期這種數(shù)控銑床已用于加工飛機零件。60年代，數(shù)控系統(tǒng)和程序編制工作日益成熟和完善，數(shù)控機床已被用于各個工業(yè)部門，但航空航天工業(yè)始終是數(shù)控機床的一大用戶。一些大的航空工廠配有數(shù)百臺數(shù)控機床，其中以切削機床為主。數(shù)控加工的零件有飛機和火箭的整體壁板、大梁、蒙皮、隔框、螺旋槳以及航空發(fā)動機的機匣、軸、盤、葉片的模具型腔和液體火箭發(fā)動機燃燒室的特型腔面等。數(shù)控機床發(fā)展的初期是以連續(xù)軌跡的數(shù)控機床為主，連續(xù)軌跡控制。連續(xù)軌跡控制又稱輪廓控制，要求刀具相對于零件按規(guī)定軌跡運動。以后又大力發(fā)展點位控制數(shù)控機床。點位控制是指刀具從某一點向另一點移動，只要比較終能準(zhǔn)確地到達目標(biāo)而不管移動路線如何。
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CNC technology originated from the needs of the aviation industry. In the late 1940s, an American helicopter company proposed it.
The initial idea of CNC machine tool was developed by MIT in 1952. In the mid-1950s, this type of CNC milling machine was used to process aircraft parts. In the 1960s, CNC systems and programming became more mature and improved. CNC machine tools have been used in various industrial sectors, but the aerospace industry has always been a major user of CNC machine tools. Some large aviation factories are equipped with hundreds of CNC machine tools, including cutting machine tools. The parts of CNC machining include the overall wall plate, girder, skin, partition, Propeller of the aircraft and rocket, as well as the casing, shaft, disc, mold cavity of the blade, and the special cavity of the combustion chamber of the liquid rocket engine. The initial development of CNC machine tools is based on continuous trajectory of CNC machine tools, continuous trajectory control. Continuous trajectory control, also known as contour control, requires the tool to move relative to the prescribed trajectory of the part. Later, it vigorously developed point-controlled CNC machine tools. Point control refers to the tool moving from one point to another, as long as it can eventually reach the target accurately regardless of the moving route.